Liquid-hydrocarbon-vapor burner.



No, 7||,9l8. Ptented Oct. 2l,V |902.

A. BLANCHARD. LIQUID HYDRUCARBON VAPOR BURNER.

(Applica'tion led Apr. 14, 1902..)

(No Model.)

UNrrRn STATES ARTHUR BLANCHARD,

Parenti,

OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 711,918, dated October 21, 1902.

Application flled April 14, 1902.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR BLANCHARD, engineer, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at 317 Great College street, Camden Town, London, England, have invented certain new and useful .Improvements in Liquid Hydrocarbon -Vapor Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to hydrocarbon-vapor burners designed for consuming ordinary petroleum or similar hydrocarbon (particularly applicable for hydrocarbons of high-flash point) supplied under pressure and burning with a non-luminous or Bunsen fiarne and in which carbon deposits are prevented from collecting in such wise as to interfere with the action of the burner, and has forits especial object to prevent said carbon deposits co1- lecting in the jet-orice of such burners, this burner being especially adapted and applicable for use in conjunction with incandescent mantles (of the well-known VVelsbach type or other suitable mantles) for lighting purposes, and in order that my present in vention may be easily understood and readily carried into practice I will proceed to fully describe same with reference to the drawings here unto annexed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a Vertical sectional View of the hydrocarbon vapor forming and mixing chamber, with the aforesaid superheatingchamber situated in the middle of the damevl. e., located inside the incandescent mantle adapted to be carried on said burner. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of same. Fig. 3 is a crosssectional view of Fig. l on line 3 3 looking downward in the direction of the arrow 3. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view on line 4 4, Fig. 1, looking upward in the direction of the arrow 4, Fig. 1.

C is a rising pipe leading from the oil-reservoir to the burner-casing D. E is an incandescent mantle supported on said burner, and F is a globe supported by any suitable bracket or gallery carried on said rising pipe C. No chimney is required for use with this burner. The oil from the pipe C is led through the pipe a to the chamber b in the block or support c, which is iixed inside the burner-casing D. In this block c is mounted Serial No. 102,894. (No model.)

the detachable superheating chamber d, (which I will hereinafter refer to as the cap 61,) this latter being advantageously mounted by being screwed into said block c, as shown in Fig. l. The upper end of this cap d is is closed and may be utilized to carry therein the support e for the mantle E. The small tube j' is located centrally inside said cap d, the upper end of said tube f terminating a little distance below the inside of the cap d and the lower end of said tube f passing through the chamber b and being screwed or otherwise secured in the lower part of the block c (see Fig. l) and in communication with the duct g, (in said-block,) leading to the jet-orice h.

t' i are air-inlets through the side of the burner-casing D andof any suitable size to admit the required supply of air to mix with the hydrocarbon vapor issuing from said jetorifice h. The hydrocarbon vapor issuing from said jet-orifice 77, draws in its required quantity of air as it issues from said jet-oriiice and the mingled air and hydrocarbon vapor pass down the tube j, which is centrally located within the chamber d and concentrically disposed with respect to the said jetori/fice, the said central tube y' terminating a little distance from the bottom D of the casing D. The mingled air and Vapor. then pass upward (following the course indicated by .the arrows in Fig. l) through theV annular space k between said central tube j and the casing D, and thence passing upward through the Vertical passages I, located on either side of the block c, thence emerge from the casing D advantageously through a gauze or perforated cap m, located in the upper end of said casing D. Said mixture of air and vapor is now ignited and burns in a blue flame surrounding the cap d and rendering same intensely hot and at same time producing the most intensely-brilliant light through the medium of any suit-able mantle E.

In the annular space formed between the the cap d I arrange any suitable porous or finely-divided heat-conducting material nsuch, for instance, as ne iron or steelwire gauze, which latter can be easily inserted or extracted and replaced when desired. The interior of the tube f is also filled with simiexteriorrof the tube f and the insidewall of v lar or any other suitable material o, adapted for the purpose, preferably such material 0 being also fine iron or steel wire gauze, which latter can be readily inserted or withdrawn and replaced in the tube f.

To start the burner, same must be heated to a sufficient extent to vaporize the oil as same enters the burner, such preheating being effected in any suitable manner-for instance, by means of a hand-torch, such as a spirit torch, held under the hurneruntil same starts, or, as illustrated in the drawings, I may construct the casing D with the bottom thereof D' formed as a sliding cup D2, (see Fig. 1,) which is adapted to be lowered into the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. l, (and there maintained, for instance, by means of fixed studs D3, acting in zigzag slots D, formed in the said sliding cup D) and in this position a small quantity of methylated spirits placed in said cup D2 can be ignited, and soon as same has' sufficiently heated the burner to start it thereupon said cup D2 can be moved up and locked in the position shown in full lines in Figs. l and 2.

The operation is as follows: The oil entering the burner through the conduit a is vaporized, and as said vapor rises through the porous material n in the annular space forming the superheating-chamber between the small tubefand the inside of the cap d said vapors are highly heated in a very even manner throughout and any tarry matter or particles of carbon formed during such vaporization is or are deposited. By the time the vapor arrives at the top el of said cap d said vapors have been heated to the maximum temperature desired, and not only this but thewholebodyofsuch vaporisnowthoroughly evenly heated throughout when it arrives at this point d", and the decomposition of the hydrocarbon vapor is now complete for this temperature, and as this superheated vapor descends through the tube f and the porous material o therein it receives no further increase of temperature, and consequently there is now no tendency to form deposits, so that upon arrival of the said vapor at the jet-ori- Iice h same will pass out of said jet-orifice without forming any, or practically without forming any, carbon deposits thereon or in the vicinity thereof.

From time to time when desired the porous material n inside the cap d and the porous material o inside the small tubeif can be removed and cleaned'or replaced with new material; but in practice I have found that such cleaning or renewal is seldom necessary-for instance, only after two or three months continuous use, and in some cases even more.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In a hyd rocarbon-vapor burner, the combination of a retort, an incandescent mantle mounted on said retort. a screen mounted near the base of the retort, a mixingtube arranged to receive the vapor from the retort, a casing attached to the screen and surrounding the mixing-tube and provided with inlet-openings to permit the air to pass to mix with the vapor jetted from ther tort, and a movable cup closing the bottom o the casing and providing a means for holding the preheating fuel, substantially as described.

2. In ahydrocarbon-vaporburner, the combination of aretort, an incandescent mantle mounted on said retort, means for feeding oil to said retort, a screen mounted near the base of the retort, a mixing-tube arranged to receive the vapor from the retort, a lcasing attached to the screen and surrounding the mixing-tube, said casing being provided with airinlet openings and said casing being made in two parts joined together by means of pins and diagonal slots, the outer part of the casing being adapted to be moved and lilled with preheating fuel, substantially as described. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

ARTHUR BLANCHARD.

Witnesses:

HENRY BIRKBECK, FRANCIS W. FRIeoU'r. 

